Republicans backing the Trump campaign have kept up their attacks on the military career of Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota, accusing him, among other things, of having abandoned his fellow soldiers by retiring from the National Guard to run for Congress in 2006, months before his unit deployed to Iraq.

But the attacks may not be having the intended effect.

Many veterans, including undecided and conservative voters, said they saw the sniping over Walz’s service as harmful to veterans in and out of the political arena.

The recent attacks on Walz, the Democratic nominee for vice president, were begun by his opponent on the Republican ticket, Sen. JD Vance of Ohio, who served in the Marine Corps for four years. And they have been repeated by other prominent Republicans who are veterans, including 50 members of Congress who signed a letter last week claiming that Walz had lied and had “violated the trust” of other veterans.

Vince Young, 32, a former Marine and undecided voter who lives in Charlotte, North Carolina, said his main concern is the economy, and that seeing one veteran disparaging another turns him off.

“I think it’s not really beneficial to anyone,” he said. “I want to hear, what are you going to do?”

Some Democrats have responded with negative comments about Vance’s military record, but that doesn’t sit well with many veterans, either.

“It’s frustrating to see both candidates belittle one another’s service,” said Elizabeth Hartman, 33, the commander of an American Legion post in New Bern, North Carolina, and a former Arabic linguist in the Marines who considers herself a conservative. “Because at the end of the day, both candidates did something that less than 1% of the population will ever have the courage to do.”

Like Young, Hartman said she wants the candidates to focus on current issues, like immigration, instead.

The attacks on Walz’s military record were reminiscent of those during the 2004 presidential campaign, when a well-funded political group aligned with Republicans hit the Democratic presidential nominee, John Kerry, with allegations — most of them unfounded — that he had lied about his service in the Vietnam War. Many political commentators said the attacks helped his opponent, George W. Bush, win a narrow victory.

It is unclear whether the same strategy would work in 2024, said Matt Gallagher, 41, a former Army captain who commanded a scout platoon during the 2007 troop surge in Iraq and is now a writer in residence at the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs.

“In 2004, Republicans were able to reopen the wound of Vietnam, which had been such a huge, divisive issue for America,” Gallagher said. “But Iraq and Afghanistan are not Vietnam. People didn’t really care about them, even when they were happening, and I’m not sure they’ll care now.”

Veterans are by no means a uniform voting bloc; their opinions and political allegiances vary about as widely as those of the rest of the population. Because their numbers skew heavily male and somewhat older, they tend to lean conservative as a group, but younger vets and serving troops are far more diverse, and more evenly divided on party lines.

To be sure, there are numerous veterans who have seized on Republicans’ portrayals of Walz’s record as evidence of poor character.

But many of them had probably already made up their minds not to vote for the Democrats, said Paul Rieckhoff, 49, who deployed to Iraq as an infantry officer and recently founded the political advocacy group Independent Veterans of America.

Still, he said, in a tight race, swaying even a few undecided voters could make a difference.

“Military service is a great talking point for campaigns, because it carries a lot of emotional weight, but civilians don’t really understand it,” Rieckhoff said.

He said the meaning of specific details of a candidate’s military career — like Walz serving as a command sergeant major, but not retiring as one, or Vance deploying as a Marine but serving in a noncombat job — can be lost on ordinary voters.

“Because the nuance is lost, they can use military service as a proxy for all sorts of values,” he said of political strategists in both parties. “They can make someone seem like a coward or a hero. A lot of it is misinformation, but in the current political atmosphere, misinformation works.”